Syllabus
Module 1 - History and Development of Sports Science
FSS History of Sports Science.pdfM1 U1 - History of Sports Science
Sports terminology.pdfM1 U2 - Sport/s Terminology
Sport as a science.pdfM1U3 Sports as a Science
M1U4 Emergence of Sports Science
FSS Advancement in Sports Science.pdfM1U5 Recent Developments
Syllabus - SEMESTER III - General Course
GBSM3A02T: FUNDAMENTALS OF SPORTS SCIENCES (FSS)
Contact Hours per week: 4 Max. Marks: 100 (Int.20 + Ext.80) Credits: 4
Learning Objectives
To discuss the subject matters in exercise physiology, biomechanics, and sports psychology.
To learn how sub-disciplines of sports science are inter-related and will influence how the human body moves in different contexts
Helps the students get an idea about the science of natural laws and forces affect the body in sports movement and performance in the area of biomechanics
Helps the students the concepts of self-efficacy, factors affecting anxiety and stress; motivation and; exercise psychology in the area of sports psychology
Course Outcomes
Define, distinguish, and assess physiological aspects relevant to the effect of exercise on human functioning and performance.
Have a brief understanding of theoretical foundation of the physiological, biomechanical and other sciences that influence human performance in athletic settings.
Have an understanding of various sciences related to the sports coaching and performance.
Demonstrate the basics of science related to injuries management in game situation
Module I: History and Development of Sports Science
Unit 1 History of Sports Science
Unit 2 Understanding of terminologies
Unit 3 Sport as a Science
Unit 4 Emergence of Sports Science
Unit 5 Recent developments
Module II
Unit 1 Basic Anatomy: Definition and terminologies, Gross Anatomy, Skeletal system - Bones and Joints, Muscles- Skeletal and brief understanding of smooth and cardiac muscles.
Unit 2 Basic Physiology: Definition and terminologies, Major systems- Circulatory system, Digestive system, Musculoskeletal system, Nervous system, Respiratory system.
Unit 3 Exercise Physiology: Definition, Physiological response to exercise- Circulatory and Respiratory, Temperature regulation and effect of environment, Physiological factors affecting performance, Training Physiology (Effect of VO2 Max and strength)
Unit 4 Exercise Biochemistry: Biochemistry basics, including metabolism of macro molecules, vitamins and minerals, Basics to explore neural control of movement and muscle activity, Exercise metabolism related to carbohydrates, lipids, and protein
Unit 5 Sports Nutrition: Macro and micronutrients Why is nutrition important? Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins and Minerals, hydration. Pre, during and post-exercise nutrition.
Module III
Unit 1 Sports Biomechanics: Introduction Fundamentals of movements, causes of movement - forces and torques.
Unit 2 Sports Psychology: Introduction, Motivation and goal setting in sport, Anxiety in sports,
Concentration in sports performers, helping athletes to cope with injury, Team cohesion in sports.
Unit 3 Kinesiology
Unit 4 Test and measurements in sports
Unit 5 Sports Analytics: Foundations of Sports Analytics: Data, Representation, and models in Sports, Wearable technologies.
Module IV
Unit 1 Introduction to Sports medicine: Introduction, scope and terminologies
Unit 2 First Aid and safety measures during training and performance
Unit 3 Sports Physiotherapy
Unit 4 Ergogenic aids, Drugs and doping
Unit 5 Athlete safety
Module V: Introduction to Sports science
Unit 1 Significance of Sports Science
Unit 2 Adapted Physical Education, Meaning, aims, goals and objectives
Unit 3 Sports injuries and rehabilitation
Unit 4 Corrective exercise: Principles of movement, Postural assessment, Corrective exercise progression
Unit 5 Current and future trends for performance optimization
References
1. Sports Science; A complete introduction; by Simon Rea
2. Sport and Exercise Science: An introduction, by Murray Griffin.
3. Basic Anatomy and Physiology of Exercise, by Piyush Jain
4. M.L. Kamlesh, Psychology in Physical Education & Sports, Metropolitan book Co.
New Delhi 1998.
St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri
Third Semester UG BBA Internal Examination, August 2024
GBSM3A02T: FUNDAMENTALS OF SPORTS SCIENCES
Time: 60 mins. Maximum marks: 30
SECTION A: All questions can be answered. Each one carries 2 marks.
(Ceiling 10 Marks)
1. What is exercise physiology?
The study of how the body responds and adapts to physical activity and exercise.
2. Explain the term ‘biomechanics’.
The study of the mechanical principles of human movement, including forces, levers, and motion analysis.
This field examines the forces that act on the body during movement.
3. What is meant by sports nutrition?
The study of the role of nutrients in optimizing athletic performance, recovery, and overall health.
4. How is artificial intelligence (AI) being used in sports science?
AI is being used to analyze vast amounts of data, predict injury risk, and personalize training programs for athletes.
5. Mention two mechanisms of heat loss.
Radiation: Heat radiates from the body to cooler surroundings.
Conduction: Direct contact with a cooler surface transfers heat.
Convection: Air currents carry away heat from the skin.
Evaporation: Sweat evaporates from the skin, cooling the body (most effective in dry climates).
6. Explain Cardiac muscle and its function.
Cardiac muscle is a special type of muscle found only in the heart. It is involuntary and striated. Cardiac muscle cells are connected by intercalated discs, which allow for coordinated contractions that pump blood throughout the body.
Function: Pumping blood
Location: Heart
Appearance: Striated (striped)
Control: Involuntary (unconscious control)
7. What is osteoarthritis? What is gout?
osteoarthritis — this type of arthritis is more common as you get older and most often affects the knees, hips, finger joints and big toe joint
gout — a painful condition where small crystals of uric acid form in the joints, causing pain, redness and inflammation
8. Mention the three joints in the human body.
Joints connect between the bones, and allow them to move. There are three different types of joints:
synovial
cartilaginous
fibrous
SECTION B: All questions can be answered. Each one carries 5 marks.
(Ceiling 10 Marks)
9. What are some of the recent technological advancements in sports science?
Recent advancements include wearable sensors, virtual reality training systems, and advanced data analytics tools.
AI is being used to analyze vast amounts of data, predict injury risk, and personalize training programs for athletes.
10. Why is sport considered a science?
It's a multidisciplinary field that encompasses various aspects, including physiology, biomechanics, psychology, and nutrition.
Sport involves systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis to understand and improve human performance, making it a scientific endeavor.
11. What is Gross Anatomy? How can they be studied?.
Gross anatomy, also known as macroscopic anatomy or topographical anatomy, is the branch of anatomy that deals with the study of biological structures that are visible to the naked eye. This means structures that can be seen without the use of a microscope.
Gross anatomy can be studied through:
Dissection: This involves surgically opening an organism (plant, animal, or human cadaver) and examining its organs and structures.
Non-invasive methods: These include medical imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound.
Endoscopy: This involves inserting a thin tube with a camera into the body through a small incision to examine internal organs.
Gross anatomy helps us understand the larger structures of organs and organ systems, their relationships, and how they work together to maintain the functions of life. It is a fundamental subject for medical professionals, biologists, and anyone interested in the structure and function of living organisms.
12. The different parts of the musculoskeletal system.
There are many different elements that make up the musculoskeletal system:
Skeleton — this is the framework of the body. The adult human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.
Joints — an area where 2 bones work together.
Cartilage — is a cushioning that covers the ends of 2 bones.
Ligaments — tough bands of tissue that join bones to other bones to strengthen joints.
Muscles — there are more than 600 skeletal muscles in the human body. They help the body move.
Tendons — these are made of strong fibrous connective tissue and they attach muscles to bones.
SECTION C: Answer any one question. Carries 10 marks
13. Role of technology in Sports science How can Sports science contribute to injury prevention?
14. Mention the different organ systems in the human body and their specific functions.
Function: Transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; removes waste products like carbon dioxide.
Key Organs: Heart (pump), blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), blood (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma).
2. Digestive System:
Function: Breaks down food into nutrients the body can absorb; eliminates waste.
Key Organs: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder.
Function: Provides support, shape, and movement to the body; protects internal organs.
Key Components: Bones (skeleton), muscles, tendons (connect muscle to bone), ligaments (connect bone to bone), joints.
4. Nervous System:
Function: Controls and coordinates body functions; senses and responds to internal and external stimuli.
Key Components: Brain, spinal cord, nerves (neurons).
Function: Takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide (gas exchange).
Key Organs: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.